Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i hea kāukokolekahele mai?Pono ʻoe e hele i nā piʻi wela a me ka haʻahaʻa kahi e hāʻule pinepine ai ka ua a pili kou ʻaʻahu i kou kua i ke kauwela.Ma nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻoe i nā kumulāʻau i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā hua nui a waihoʻoluʻu i kapa ʻia ʻo cacao pods - ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e like me nā mea āu e loaʻa ai ma ka hale kūʻai nui.

I loko o nā ʻōpala e ulu ai nā ʻanoʻano a mākou e hoʻomoʻa ai, kalua ʻia, wili, conch, huhū, a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i mea e hana ai i kā mākou pahu kokoleka aloha.

No laila, e nānā pono kākou i kēia hua maikaʻi a me nā mea i loko.

ʻOhi ʻia nā ʻōpala koko hou;e ʻoki ʻia kēia mau mea a mākaukau e ʻohi i nā hua.

KA HOOLAHA I KA POD CACAO

Puka mai ka pua koko mai “uluna pua” ma na lala o ka laau koko (Theobroma cacao, a i ʻole "ʻai a ke akua," i pololei).ʻO Pedro Varas Valdez, kahi mea hana cacao mai Guayaquil, ʻEkuador, haʻi mai iaʻu i ke ʻano o nā pods - i ʻike ʻiamazorcama ka ʻōlelo Paniolo - e ʻokoʻa loa ma muli o ke ʻano, genetics, ʻāina, a me nā mea hou aku.

Akā, ua like ke ʻano o lākou a pau ke wāwahi ʻoe iā lākou.

Ua haʻi mai ʻo Eduardo Salazar, ka mea nāna i hana i ka cacao ma Finca Joya Verde ma El Salvador, "Ua haku ʻia nā ʻōpala cacao me ka exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp, funicle, nā hua a me ka pulp."

ʻO ke anatomy o kahi pā koko.

Ka Exocarp

ʻO ka cacao exocarp ka pūpū mānoanoa o ka pā.Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻaoʻao o waho, loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻili ʻili e mālama i ka hua holoʻokoʻa.

ʻAʻole like me ka kofe, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau i ka wā ʻaʻole a ʻulaʻula - a i ʻole ʻalani, melemele, a ʻulaʻula paha, ma muli o ke ʻano - i ka wā oʻo, hele mai ka cacao exocarp i ke anuenue.E like me kā Alfredo Mena, ka mea hana kofe a me ka cacao ma Finca Villa España, El Salvador, e haʻi mai iaʻu, "Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, melemele, poni, ʻulaʻula a me nā leo āpau."

ʻO ke kala o ka exocarp e pili ana i ʻelua mau mea: ke kala maoli o ka pod a me kona pae oʻo.'Ōlelo mai ʻo Pedro iaʻu he ʻehā a ʻelima mau mahina no ka ulu a oʻo ka pod."ʻO ke kala o ia mea e hōʻike mai iā mākou ua mākaukau," wehewehe ʻo ia."Ma ʻaneʻi, ma ʻEkuador, ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka pod me nā kala he nui, akā aia ʻelua mau kala kumu, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula.ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo (melemele i ka wā oʻo) he kikoʻī ia i ka cacao Nacional, aʻo ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka poni (ʻalani i ka wā oʻo) aia nā kala ma Criollo a me Trinitario (CCN51).

Ke ulu nei kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo cacao pod ma kahi lāʻau ma Finca Joya Verde, El Salvador.

Nacional cacao, Criollo, Trinitario CCN51: pili kēia mau mea i nā ʻano like ʻole.A he nui no keia.

No ka laʻana, haʻi mai ʻo Eduardo iaʻu, "ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona phenotypic o ka Salvadoran Criollo cacao he elongated, pointy, corrugated a mecundeamor[ʻawaʻawa melon] a i ʻoleangoletta[mea poepoe] ano.Hoʻololi ia mai nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pae oʻo, me nā hua keʻokeʻo a me ka pulp keʻokeʻo.

"ʻO kekahi laʻana, ʻo ka Ocumare, he Criollo hou e like me ke ʻano 'Trinitario' me kahi maʻemaʻe 89%.Loaʻa iā ia kahi pod elongated e like me ka Salvadoran Criollo, me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu mai ka mulberry a hiki i ka ʻalani ke kūpono nā pae oʻo.Eia nō naʻe, he poni ka pīni koko me ke kumu keʻokeʻo… Aia nā mea a pau i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cacao, e pili ana i ka ʻāina, ke aniau, nā kūlana lepo, a pēlā aku.

No kēia kumu, he mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike ʻana o ka mea hana i kāna mea kanu.Me ka ʻole o kēia ʻike, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke haʻi i ka wā e oʻo ai nā ʻōpala - kahi mea nui i ka maikaʻi o ke kokoleka.

ʻO nā ʻōpala koko e kokoke ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pala ma Finca Joya Verde, El Salvador.

Ka Mesocarp

Noho kēia ʻano mānoanoa a paʻakikī ma lalo o ka exocarp.ʻO ka maʻamau ma kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka Endocarp

Hahai ka endocarp i ka mesocarp a ʻo ia ka papa hope o ka "shell" e hoʻopuni ana i nā pī a me ka pulp.I ko mākou komo ʻana i loko o ka pā koko, lilo ia i mea ʻoluʻolu a palupalu.Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohui ia i ke ʻano a me ka paʻakikī i ka pod.

ʻOiai he mea koʻikoʻi no ke olakino o ka mea kanu, haʻi mai ʻo Eduardo iaʻu "ʻaʻole pili nā papa o ka cacao pod (exocarp, mesocarp, a me endocarp) i ka ʻono ma kekahi ʻano."

Ka Pulp Cacao

Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻeleʻele i kahi pulp keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​mucilage e wehe wale ʻia i ka wā fermentation.E like me ka kofe, he nui nā kō i loko o ka pulp.ʻAʻole like me ka kofe, akā, hiki ke hoʻopau iā ia iho.

Naʻe tala mai ʻe Pedro kiate au, “ʻOku fai ʻe ha kakai ʻa e kakai, ʻa e kava, inu, ʻailikilimi, mo e pulu [me ia].He ʻono kūʻokoʻa kona ʻona a ʻōlelo kekahi poʻe he waiwai aphrodisiac kona.

Ua hoʻohui ʻo Nicholas Yamada, he loea kokoleka mai São Paulo, ua like ia me ka naka akā ʻaʻole ikaika."ʻO ka acidity māmā, ʻono loa, ʻo 'Tutti Frutti gum'-like," wehewehe ʻo ia.

ʻOki ʻia ʻo Cacao pod i ka hapalua, waiho ʻia nā hua i uhi ʻia i ka pulp e ʻike ʻia.

Ka Rachis/Funicle & Placenta

ʻAʻole nā ​​hua wale nō e waiho ana i loko o ka pulp.E ʻike ʻoe i ka funicle i hui pū ʻia ma waena o lākou.He lāʻau lahilahi kēia e like me ka milo e pili ana i nā hua i ka placenta.ʻO ka funicle a me ka placenta, e like me ka pulp, e haki i ka wā fermentation.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi puʻu koko i ka hapalua i ka wā e hana ai, e hōʻike ana i ka pulp, beans, a me ka funicle.

Na Huao ka Cacao Pod

A ʻo ka hope, hiki mākou i ka mea nui loa - no mākou!– o kahi koko koko: na anoano.ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻololi hope ʻia i kā mākou mau pahu kokoleka a me nā mea inu.

Ua wehewehe ʻo Alfredo, "Ma loko, ʻike ʻoe i nā pīni koko, i uhi ʻia i ka pulp, i kauoha ʻia i nā lālani e hele a puni ka placenta a i ʻole rachis i ke ʻano e like me ke kumu kulina."

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Eh Chocolatier ua like ke ʻano o nā ʻanoʻano e like me nā ʻalemona pālahalaha, a loaʻa iā ʻoe he 30 a 50 o lākou i loko o kahi pod.

Nā hua koko Trinitario pala;uhi ʻia nā hua i ka pulp keʻokeʻo.

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka CACAO POD?

No laila, inā ʻo ka hua koko wale nō ka ʻāpana o ka hua i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kā mākou kokoleka, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka pau ʻana o ke koena?

ʻAʻole pono.

Ua ʻōlelo mua mākou e hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka pulp ma kāna iho.Eia hou, haʻi mai ʻo Eduardo iaʻu, "Ma nā ʻāina ʻAmelika Latin, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cacao [ma nā huahana] e hānai i nā holoholona."

Hoʻohui ʻo Alfredo "he ʻano ʻokoʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pua koko.I loko o kahi hanana cacao ma Thailand, ua lawelawe lākou i ka ʻaina ahiahi me ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 70 mau meaʻai [cacao] like ʻole mai nā sopa, raiki, ʻiʻo, nā mea ʻono, nā mea inu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

A wehewehe ʻo Pedro, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i pau nā huahana, hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia.“Ua waiho ʻia ka pūpū o ka ʻōpala, ke ʻohi ʻia ma ke ʻano maʻamau, i ka mahiko no ka mea e waiho ana ka lele Forcipomyia (ʻo ia ka mea kōkua i ka pollination o ka pua koko) i kona mau hua i laila.A laila hoʻohui hou ʻia [ka pūpū] i ka lepo ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia," wahi āna."Hana nā mea mahiʻai ʻē aʻe i ka compost me nā pūpū no ka mea ua waiwai lākou i ka potassium a kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea ola i loko o ka lepo."

Ke ulu nei nā ʻōpala koko ma kahi kumulāʻau koko ma Finca Joya Verde, El Salvador.

Ke wehe mākou i kahi pahu kokoleka maikaʻi e ʻike ai i ka mea ʻono ʻeleʻele i loko, he ʻike ʻokoʻa loa ia i kahi mea hana e haki ana i kahi pā koko.Akā naʻe, he mea kupanaha kēia meaʻai i kēlā me kēia pae: mai nā ʻōpala waihoʻoluʻu e ulu ana ma waena o nā pua cacao maikaʻi a hiki i ka huahana hope a mākou e ʻai ai me ka mahalo nui.